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NP5

Oct 03, 202427 min read

  1. A nurse is establishing a therapeutic relationship with a client diagnosed with depression. The nurse demonstrates empathy by:
  • Sharing personal experiences of overcoming depression.
  • Showing concern and compassion for the client’s feelings.
  • Providing solutions and advice for managing depressive symptoms.
  • Encouraging the client to focus on positive aspects of life.
  1. A nursing student is learning about the components of a therapeutic relationship. Which of the following factors promotes communication and enhances relationships in all aspects of the nurse’s life?
  • Trust
  • Empathy
  • Genuine interest
  • Self-awareness
  1. A nurse is assessing a client’s level of trust in the therapeutic relationship. Which of the following behaviors by the nurse can help build trust?
  • Making verbal commitments and not following through on them.
  • Exhibiting inconsistent verbal and nonverbal communication.
  • Demonstrating consistency, honesty, and keeping promises.
  • Avoiding active listening and dismissing the client’s concerns.
  1. A nursing student is learning about the importance of self-awareness in the nurse-client relationship. Which of the following statements is true regarding self-awareness?
  • Self-awareness is not necessary for effective therapeutic communication.
  • Self-awareness allows nurses to recognize their own biases and prejudices.
  • Self-awareness is only important in psychiatric nursing practice.
  • Self-awareness is solely focused on understanding the client’s experiences.
  1. A nurse is working with a client who is resistant to receiving care. Which therapeutic role of the nurse would be most beneficial in this situation?
  • Teacher
  • Caregiver
  • Advocate
  • Parent surrogate
  1. A nurse is working with a client who is expressing suicidal thoughts. What is the appropriate next step in managing this situation?
  • Encouraging the client to talk openly about their feelings.
  • Assuring the client that everything will be fine and they have support.
  • Contacting the client’s family members to inform them of the situation.
  • Initiating a suicide risk assessment and implementing appropriate safety measures.
  1. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of substance abuse who is at risk for relapse. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in promoting relapse prevention?
  • Encouraging the client to attend support group meetings.
  • Allowing the client to have occasional controlled substance use.
  • Minimizing discussions about the client’s substance abuse history.
  • Providing the client with unlimited access to prescription medications.
  1. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in managing the client’s hallucinations?
  • Encouraging the client to ignore the hallucinations.
  • Engaging the client in reality-based activities.
  • Providing constant reassurance that the hallucinations are not real.
  • Administering antipsychotic medication as prescribed.
  1. A nurse is providing care for a client with a history of depression who is experiencing suicidal ideation. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in managing the client’s suicidal ideation?
  • Encouraging the client to isolate themselves from others.
  • Monitoring the client closely for any signs of worsening symptoms.
  • Minimizing discussions about the client’s feelings and emotions.
  • Collaborating with the client to develop a safety plan.
  1. A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of hypertension. Which lifestyle modification is most effective in managing hypertension?
  • Reducing sodium intake.
  • Increasing caffeine consumption.
  • Decreasing physical activity.
  • Consuming high-fat foods.
  1. A nurse is establishing a therapeutic relationship with a client diagnosed with depression. The nurse demonstrates genuine interest and empathy towards the client. Which component of the nurse-client relationship is the nurse exhibiting?
  • Trust
  • Genuine Interest
  • Empathy
  • Acceptance
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has schizophrenia. The nurse consistently follows through on commitments made to the client. Which behavior is the nurse exhibiting to enhance trust in the nurse-client relationship?
  • Caring
  • Consistency
  • Understanding
  • Respect
  1. A nurse is caring for a client with anxiety disorder. The nurse listens actively and attentively to the client’s concerns and experiences. Which therapeutic communication technique is the nurse using?
  • Reflection
  • Restatement
  • Clarification
  • Active listening
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has a history of substance abuse. The nurse avoids making judgments about the client’s behavior and accepts the client as a worthy individual. Which component of the nurse-client relationship is the nurse demonstrating?
  • Trust
  • Genuine Interest
  • Empathy
  • Acceptance
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has bipolar disorder. The nurse consistently exhibits openness and objectivity in their interactions with the client. Which behavior is the nurse demonstrating in the nurse-client relationship?
  • Caring
  • Openness
  • Objectivity
  • Respect
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has a history of self-harm. The nurse demonstrates respect for the client’s autonomy and involves them in decision-making regarding their treatment plan. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding?
  • Autonomy
  • Beneficence
  • Non-maleficence
  • Justice
  1. A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. The nurse demonstrates congruence by ensuring that their verbal and nonverbal communication align. Which behavior is the nurse exhibiting?
  • Openness
  • Objectivity
  • Congruence
  • Approachability
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has borderline personality disorder. The nurse sets clear boundaries and consistently enforces them. Which therapeutic technique is the nurse using?
  • Self-disclosure
  • Limit-setting
  • Reframing
  • Suggestion
  1. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe anxiety. The nurse provides information about relaxation techniques and encourages the client to practice them. Which role of the nurse is being demonstrated in this scenario?
  • Teacher
  • Caregiver
  • Advocate
  • Parent surrogate
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has a history of trauma. The nurse actively listens to the client’s experiences and validates their emotions. Which therapeutic communication technique is the nurse using?
  • Silence
  • Reflection
  • Validation
  • Summarization
  1. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing delusions. The nurse maintains a nonjudgmental attitude and avoids arguing with the client about their beliefs. Which behavior is the nurse exhibiting in the nurse-client relationship?
  • Respect
  • Empathy
  • Acceptance
  • Trust
  1. A nurse is working with a client who has an eating disorder. The nurse encourages the client to express their feelings and emotions through art therapy. Which therapeutic technique is the nurse utilizing?
  • Self-disclosure
  • Active listening
  • Therapeutic use of self
  • Expressive therapy
  1. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing hallucinations. The nurse maintains a calm demeanor and provides reassurance to the client. Which behavior is the nurse exhibiting?
  • Objectivity
  • Boundaries
  • Therapeutic use of self
  • Nonjudgmental attitude
  1. A nurse is working with a client who is experiencing severe depression. The nurse provides emotional support and encourages the client to express their feelings. Which therapeutic technique is the nurse utilizing?
  • Reflection
  • Encouragement
  • Clarification
  • Self-disclosure
  1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of self-harm. The nurse maintains professional boundaries and avoids engaging in personal relationships with the client. Which aspect of the nurse-client relationship is the nurse demonstrating?
  • Confidentiality
  • Trustworthiness
  • Professionalism
  • Empathy
  1. A client with a history of suicidal ideation is admitted to the psychiatric unit. The client has been exhibiting aggressive behavior and has made several threats towards others. The healthcare team decides to implement seclusion as a safety measure. What is seclusion?
  • The use of physical force to restrict a person’s freedom of movement.
  • The involuntary confinement of a person in a locked room for direct visual monitoring.
  • The restriction of a person’s visitors and mail for safety purposes.
  • The requirement for clients to continue participating in treatment on an involuntary basis after discharge.
  1. A client with a history of substance abuse has been admitted to a psychiatric facility due to dangerous behavior when under the influence. The client’s treatment team decides that the client requires involuntary hospitalization. What is involuntary hospitalization?
  • The requirement for clients to continue participating in treatment on an involuntary basis after discharge.
  • The use of physical force to restrict a person’s freedom of movement.
  • The involuntary confinement of a person in a locked room for direct visual monitoring.
  • The commitment of a client to a facility for psychiatric care against their will until they no longer pose a danger to themselves or others.
  1. A client with severe and persistent mental illness has been court-ordered to participate in outpatient treatment after being discharged from the hospital. This type of treatment is known as:
  • Seclusion
  • Restraint
  • Voluntary hospitalization
  • Mandatory outpatient treatment
  1. A client with a severe mental illness has been found to be gravely disabled and unable to provide food, clothing, and shelter for themselves. The court appoints a legal guardian who assumes responsibilities for the client’s best interests. This is known as:
  • Involuntary hospitalization
  • Seclusion
  • Conservatorship
  • Restraint
  1. A client with a history of mental illness is being treated in an outpatient setting rather than being hospitalized. This approach is based on the principle of:
  • Least restrictive environment
  • Voluntary hospitalization
  • Mandatory outpatient treatment
  • Involuntary hospitalization
  1. A client with a history of bipolar disorder is admitted to a psychiatric hospital. The client expresses concerns about their rights and asks the nurse about their rights as a psychiatric patient. Which of the following statements accurately describes the rights of psychiatric clients?
  • Psychiatric clients have the right to refuse treatment and visitors.
  • Psychiatric clients have the right to leave the hospital at any time.
  • Psychiatric clients have the right to unrestricted communication, including phone calls.
  • Psychiatric clients have the right to access their medical records upon request.
  1. A client with a history of schizophrenia is admitted to a psychiatric unit. The client’s family expresses concerns about the client’s safety and asks the nurse about the use of seclusion and restraint. What is the nurse’s best response?
  • “Seclusion and restraint are commonly used interventions to manage aggressive behavior in psychiatric settings.”
  • “Seclusion and restraint are never used in psychiatric settings due to ethical considerations.”
  • “Seclusion and restraint are only used as a last resort when other interventions have failed.”
  • “Seclusion and restraint are primarily used to punish clients for disruptive behavior.”
  1. A client with a history of depression is admitted to a psychiatric facility. The client’s family expresses concerns about the standard of care provided to their loved one. What does the term “standard of care” refer to in psychiatric nursing?
  • The level of care provided by healthcare professionals based on their personal preferences.
  • The expectations of care based on cultural and religious beliefs.
  • The legal requirements for providing care in psychiatric settings.
  • The expected level of care provided by healthcare professionals in a specific situation.
  1. A client with schizophrenia is involved in a legal case where they are accused of causing harm to another person during a psychotic episode. The client’s defense lawyer argues that the client should not be held responsible for their actions due to their mental illness. Which of the following types of torts is relevant to this situation?
  • Negligence
  • Invasion of privacy
  • Assault and battery
  • Intentional infliction of emotional distress
  1. A nurse is providing care to a client with a history of substance abuse who has been court-ordered to participate in outpatient treatment after being discharged from the hospital. The nurse explains to the client the concept of mandatory outpatient treatment. What does mandatory outpatient treatment entail?
  • The requirement for clients to continue participating in treatment on an involuntary basis after discharge.
  • The use of physical force to restrict a person’s freedom of movement during treatment.
  • The commitment of a client to a facility for psychiatric care against their will.
  • The requirement for clients to participate in treatment voluntarily and without legal involvement.
  1. A nurse is conducting a mental health assessment on a client who presents with symptoms of depression. Which of the following statements made by the client would indicate a potential risk for self-harm?
  • “I’ve been feeling sad and unmotivated lately.”
  • “I don’t enjoy doing the things I used to love.”
  • “Sometimes I think about ending it all.”
  • “I’ve been having trouble sleeping.”
  1. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder who is currently experiencing a manic episode. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
  • Ensuring a quiet and calm environment for the client.
  • Encouraging the client to engage in physical activity.
  • Administering a sedative medication to promote relaxation.
  • Providing opportunities for social interaction with peers.
  1. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for managing the hallucinations?
  • Encouraging the client to interact with the hallucinations.
  • Providing a quiet and calm environment for the client.
  • Administering antipsychotic medication as prescribed.
  • Engaging the client in reality-testing exercises.
  1. A nurse is assessing a client with a history of alcohol use disorder who presents with symptoms of withdrawal. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to observe in this client?
  • Elevated blood pressure and heart rate.
  • Increased appetite and weight gain.
  • Excessive sleepiness and sedation.
  • Elevated mood and increased energy.
  1. A nurse is providing education to a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) who is prescribed medication therapy. The client asks the nurse about the expected timeframe for the medication to take effect. What is the nurse’s best response?
  • “The medication will start working immediately after the first dose.”
  • “It may take a few weeks for the medication to reach its full effectiveness.”
  • “You will need to take the medication for a few months before noticing any changes.”
  • “The medication will start working within 24 hours of taking it.”
  1. Mary, a 42-year-old woman, recently lost her husband in a car accident. She is experiencing intense sadness and difficulty accepting her loss. She constantly thinks about her husband and has trouble sleeping. She isolates herself from friends and family and has lost interest in activities she used to enjoy. Which term best describes Mary’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Mourning
  • Denial
  • Depression
  1. John, a 28-year-old man, recently lost his job due to company downsizing. He is experiencing feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, and guilt. He has lost interest in activities he used to enjoy and has trouble concentrating. He has thoughts of suicide but denies any plans or intent to act on them. Which term best describes John’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Bereavement
  • Adjustment disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  1. Sarah, a 65-year-old woman, recently lost her husband after a long battle with cancer. She is experiencing intense sadness and has difficulty accepting her husband’s death. She frequently visits his grave and talks to him as if he is still alive. She states that she can still feel his presence and believes he is watching over her. Which term best describes Sarah’s current condition?
  • Complicated grieving
  • Disenfranchised grief
  • Anticipatory grieving
  • Adaptive denial
  1. Mark, a 35-year-old man, recently lost his job and is struggling to find new employment. He constantly worries about his financial situation, feels restless and on edge, and has trouble sleeping. He experiences physical symptoms such as muscle tension and headaches. Which term best describes Mark’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Adjustment disorder
  • Anxiety disorder
  • Mourning
  1. Rachel, a 50-year-old woman, recently lost her mother to a terminal illness. She experiences intense sadness and frequently cries. She has difficulty sleeping and has lost interest in activities she used to enjoy. She isolates herself from friends and family and has thoughts of joining her mother in death. Which term best describes Rachel’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Bereavement
  • Complicated grieving
  • Adjustment disorder
  1. Sarah, a 32-year-old woman, recently lost her job and has been experiencing feelings of sadness, lack of motivation, and difficulty sleeping. She isolates herself from friends and family and has lost interest in activities she used to enjoy. Which term best describes Sarah’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Depression
  • Adjustment disorder
  • Bereavement
  1. Josh, a 45-year-old man, recently lost his wife to a terminal illness. He is experiencing intense sadness, persistent thoughts of his wife, and difficulty accepting her death. He avoids places and activities that remind him of her and has trouble sleeping. Which term best describes Josh’s current condition?
  • Grief
  • Complicated grief
  • Mourning
  • Anticipatory grief
  1. Emma, a 60-year-old woman, recently lost her husband in a car accident. She experiences intense sadness, guilt, and anger. She constantly thinks about her husband and has difficulty concentrating. She has lost interest in activities she used to enjoy and has trouble sleeping. Which term best describes Emma’s current condition?
  • Depression
  • Bereavement
  • Complicated grieving
  • Anticipatory grieving
  1. Tom, a 28-year-old man, recently lost his job and is struggling with financial difficulties. He constantly worries about his future, experiences restlessness, and has trouble sleeping. He feels fatigued and has difficulty concentrating. Which term best describes Tom’s current condition?
  • Anxiety disorder
  • Depression
  • Adjustment disorder
  • Bereavement
  1. Linda, a 50-year-old woman, recently lost her father after a long illness. She experiences intense sadness, tearfulness, and difficulty accepting her loss. She frequently visits her father’s grave and talks to him. She feels his presence and believes he is watching over her. Which term best describes Linda’s current condition?
  • Bereavement
  • Complicated grief
  • Disenfranchised grief
  • Anticipatory grief
  1. Emily, a 25-year-old woman, has been experiencing persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and difficulty concentrating. She has also been having thoughts of self-harm. Which condition is Emily most likely experiencing?
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  1. Jacob, a 40-year-old man, has been experiencing fluctuations in his mood. He has periods of elevated mood, increased energy, and decreased need for sleep. He engages in impulsive and risky behaviors during these episodes. Which condition is Jacob most likely experiencing?
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  1. Sarah, a 30-year-old woman, has been experiencing excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of her life. She often feels restless, fatigued, and has difficulty concentrating. Which condition is Sarah most likely experiencing?
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  1. Mark, a 35-year-old man, has been experiencing auditory hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. He believes that he is being monitored by the government and that aliens are controlling his thoughts. Which condition is Mark most likely experiencing?
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  1. Rachel, a 28-year-old woman, has been experiencing a persistent feeling of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and difficulty sleeping. She has been having thoughts of death and has lost a significant amount of weight recently. Which condition is Rachel most likely experiencing?
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  1. Sarah, a 35-year-old woman, has been admitted to the psychiatric unit with symptoms of paranoia, delusions, and disorganized behavior. She believes that her neighbors are plotting against her and that she is being followed by government agents. What is the most likely diagnosis for Sarah?
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  1. John, a 45-year-old man, has a history of multiple episodes of depression characterized by low mood, loss of interest, and feelings of worthlessness. He also experiences periods of increased energy, racing thoughts, and impulsive behavior. What is the most likely diagnosis for John?
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  1. Emma, a 28-year-old woman, has been experiencing persistent worry and anxiety about various aspects of her life, including work, relationships, and health. She often feels restless, fatigued, and has difficulty concentrating. What is the most likely diagnosis for Emma?
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  1. Josh, a 32-year-old man, has recently lost his job and has been feeling persistently sad, hopeless, and has lost interest in activities he used to enjoy. He also experiences changes in appetite and sleep patterns. What is the most likely diagnosis for Josh?
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  1. Sophie, a 25-year-old woman, has been experiencing intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors such as handwashing and checking locks. She feels distressed and spends a significant amount of time engaging in these rituals. What is the most likely diagnosis for Sophie?
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  1. Emily, a 28-year-old woman, has been recently diagnosed with major depressive disorder. She has been prescribed an antidepressant medication. Which of the following medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for major depressive disorder?
  • Fluoxetine
  • Alprazolam
  • Lithium
  • Risperidone
  1. Mark, a 40-year-old man, has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. He is experiencing persistent worry, restlessness, and muscle tension. Which class of medications is most commonly used as a first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder?
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Antipsychotics
  1. Sarah, a 25-year-old woman, is experiencing symptoms of a panic attack, including palpitations, chest pain, and a fear of dying. Which class of medications is commonly used for the acute management of panic attacks?
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Antipsychotics
  1. David, a 30-year-old man, has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He is experiencing symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Which class of medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for ADHD?
  • Stimulants
  • Antidepressants
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Antipsychotics
  1. Emma, a 50-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and is experiencing positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Which class of medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for schizophrenia?
  • Antipsychotics
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Antidepressants
  1. A 35-year-old woman recently lost her husband in a car accident. She is experiencing intense sadness and has difficulty accepting the reality of his death. She often finds herself talking to him as if he is still alive. Which stage of grieving, according to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, is this woman most likely experiencing?
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  1. A 52-year-old man recently lost his job and is struggling to find new employment. He feels worthless and doubts his abilities. He isolates himself from friends and family and has lost interest in activities he once enjoyed. Which stage of grieving, according to George Engel, is this man most likely experiencing?
  • Shock and disbelief
  • Developing awareness
  • Restitution
  • Resolution of the loss
  1. A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with terminal cancer. She becomes angry and resentful towards her religious beliefs, feeling that they have failed her. According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which stage of grieving is this woman most likely experiencing?
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  1. A 42-year-old man lost his wife in a car accident. He constantly questions what he could have done differently to prevent the accident. He often says, “If only I had taken a different route that day.” According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which stage of grieving is this man most likely experiencing?
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  1. A 60-year-old woman recently lost her mother after a long battle with a terminal illness. She feels a deep sense of sadness and often finds herself crying uncontrollably. According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which stage of grieving is this woman most likely experiencing?
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  1. A 45-year-old female client comes to the clinic complaining of frequent nightmares and difficulty sleeping. She reports feeling anxious and on edge most of the time. Upon further assessment, the nurse discovers that the client experienced a traumatic event a few months ago. Which psychosocial theory explains the client’s symptoms?
  • Psychoanalytic theory
  • Developmental theory
  • Interpersonal theory
  • Behavioral theory
  1. 30-year-old male client is admitted to the psychiatric unit with symptoms of depression. He reports feeling hopeless, having difficulty concentrating, and losing interest in activities he used to enjoy. The nurse incorporates a treatment approach that focuses on the client’s self-actualization and personal growth. Which psychosocial treatment modality is the nurse implementing?
  • Individual psychotherapy
  • Group psychotherapy
  • Cognitive therapy
  • Humanistic therapy
  1. A 20-year-old female client is participating in a support group for individuals with eating disorders. The group provides a safe and non-judgmental environment for members to share their experiences and receive emotional support. Which psychosocial treatment modality is the client participating in?
  • Individual psychotherapy
  • Group psychotherapy
  • Family therapy
  • Cognitive therapy
  1. A 55-year-old male client is admitted to the psychiatric unit with symptoms of anxiety and panic attacks. The nurse implements a treatment approach that focuses on gradually exposing the client to anxiety-provoking situations while providing relaxation techniques. Which psychosocial treatment modality is the nurse implementing?
  • Individual psychotherapy
  • Group psychotherapy
  • Systematic desensitization
  • Behavioral therapy
  1. A 40-year-old female client with schizophrenia is participating in a therapeutic community program. The program emphasizes the importance of social interactions, peer support, and a structured environment. Which psychosocial treatment modality is the client participating in?
  • Individual psychotherapy
  • Group psychotherapy
  • Therapeutic community
  • Cognitive therapy
  1. A 25-year-old female client is constantly making excuses for her failures and refuses to take responsibility for her actions. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Denial
  • Rationalization
  • Projection
  • Regression
  1. A 40-year-old male client consistently criticizes his colleagues for their mistakes, yet fails to recognize his own errors. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Displacement
  • Repression
  • Projection
  • Intellectualization
  1. A 60-year-old female client has recently experienced the loss of her spouse. Rather than expressing her grief, she focuses on organizing the funeral arrangements and taking care of practical matters. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Regression
  • Repression
  • Sublimation
  • Suppression
  1. A 35-year-old male client, who is an alcoholic, frequently blames his job-related stress for his drinking problem. He believes that if he didn’t have a stressful job, he wouldn’t need to drink excessively. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Rationalization
  • Undoing
  • Intellectualization
  • Sublimation
  1. A 50-year-old female client experiences a traumatic event and has no recollection of the event or any related memories. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Repression
  • Denial
  • Dissociation
  • Regression
  1. A 30-year-old male client has a history of childhood trauma. Despite facing significant emotional distress, he engages in excessive joking and laughter when discussing his past experiences. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Reaction formation
  • Intellectualization
  • Displacement
  • Humor
  1. A 25-year-old female client, who recently failed an important exam, becomes overly invested in a new hobby to distract herself from feelings of disappointment and failure. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Sublimation
  • Regression
  • Repression
  • Identification
  1. A 35-year-old male client, who is facing financial difficulties, constantly talks about how wealthy and successful he will be in the future. He refuses to acknowledge his current financial struggles and avoids seeking assistance. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Denial
  • Projection
  • Compensation
  • Idealization
  1. A 45-year-old female client, who is experiencing relationship difficulties, finds solace in excessive shopping and accumulating unnecessary items. She believes that material possessions will fill the void in her life. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Reaction formation
  • Repression
  • Avoidance
  • Materialism
  1. A 50-year-old male client, who has a fear of public speaking, volunteers to give a presentation at work to prove his competence. He believes that by facing his fear head-on, he can overcome it. Which defense mechanism is the client employing?
  • Intellectualization
  • Repression
  • Displacement
  • Overcompensation
  1. A patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is prescribed an antipsychotic medication. The nurse explains to the patient that the medication works by blocking certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by antipsychotic medications?
  • Serotonin
  • Dopamine
  • Norepinephrine
  • Acetylcholine
  1. A nurse is assessing a client who has been prescribed an antidepressant medication. The nurse explains to the client that the medication primarily works by increasing the levels of which neurotransmitter in the brain?
  • Serotonin
  • Dopamine
  • Norepinephrine
  • GABA
  1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a mood stabilizing medication for the management of bipolar disorder. The nurse explains to the patient that the medication primarily works by:
  • Increasing dopamine levels in the brain.
  • Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin.
  • Enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
  • Blocking the receptors for norepinephrine.
  1. A nurse is educating a patient who has been prescribed an anxiolytic medication for the management of anxiety disorder. The nurse explains that the medication primarily works by:
  • Increasing serotonin levels in the brain.
  • Enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
  • Blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine.
  • Inhibiting the release of dopamine.
  1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed an anticholinergic medication for the management of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) caused by antipsychotic medication. The nurse explains that the anticholinergic medication primarily works by:
  • Increasing dopamine levels in the brain.
  • Blocking acetylcholine receptors in the brain.
  • Enhancing the effects of serotonin in the brain.
  • Inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine.
  1. Nurse M is conducting a therapeutic communication session with a client who has been diagnosed with depression. The client expresses feelings of hopelessness and lack of motivation. Nurse M responds by saying, “I understand how you feel. It must be really difficult for you.” Which statement best describes Nurse M’s response?
  • Assertive communication
  • Active listening
  • Nonverbal communication
  • Nontherapeutic communication
  1. Nurse R is interacting with a client with schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory hallucinations. The client repeatedly states, “They are telling me to hurt myself.” Which therapeutic communication technique should Nurse R utilize?
  • Reflecting
  • Offering self
  • Giving advice
  • Providing reassurance
  1. Nurse L is conducting a group therapy session for clients with substance use disorders. One of the clients, Mr. S, frequently interrupts others and dominates the conversation. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to address this behavior?
  • Encourage other group members to speak up and express their feelings.
  • Confront Mr. S directly and ask him to allow others to speak.
  • Ignore Mr. S’s interruptions and redirect the conversation to another client.
  • Assign a group leader role to Mr. S to channel his energy into facilitating the group.
  1. Nurse J is providing care for a client with bipolar disorder who is experiencing a manic episode. The client is engaging in impulsive and reckless behavior. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
  • Setting limits and boundaries for the client’s behavior.
  • Administering prescribed medications as ordered.
  • Providing education on the importance of sleep hygiene.
  • Collaborating with the client on developing a safety plan.
  1. Nurse G is caring for a client with major depressive disorder who has been experiencing feelings of guilt and worthlessness. The client states, “I’m such a burden to my family. They would be better off without me.” Which therapeutic response by Nurse G is most appropriate?
  • “You shouldn’t think like that. Your family loves you.”
  • “I understand how you feel, but remember that your family needs you.”
  • “Why do you feel like a burden? Can you give me some examples?”
  • “Everything will get better soon, just hang in there.”
  1. A nurse is conducting an initial assessment on a client who has been admitted to the psychiatric unit. The nurse notices that the client’s body language is tense, with clenched fists and a frowning facial expression. The client speaks in a loud voice and maintains a piercing gaze. The nurse interprets these behaviors as indicative of:
  • Assertive communication
  • Nonverbal communication
  • Covert cues
  • Overt cues
  1. During a therapy session, a client expresses feelings of sadness and states, “I feel like things will never get better.” The nurse responds, “I understand how you feel. It must be really difficult for you right now.” This response by the nurse is an example of:
  • Active observation
  • Congruent message
  • Nontherapeutic communication
  • Directive role
  1. A nurse is providing therapeutic communication to a client who is experiencing anxiety. The nurse maintains eye contact, nods occasionally, and uses verbal cues such as “I see” and “Tell me more.” These actions by the nurse are examples of:
  • Active listening
  • Abstract messages
  • Closed body positions
  • Assertive communication
  1. A nurse is conducting a group therapy session for clients with substance use disorders. One client frequently interrupts others and dominates the conversation, making it difficult for other group members to participate. The nurse addresses this behavior by saying, “I appreciate your enthusiasm, but I would like to give others a chance to share their thoughts as well.” This response by the nurse is an example of:
  • Directive role
  • Therapeutic communication
  • Concrete message
  • Nonverbal communication
  1. A nurse is providing therapeutic communication to a client who is experiencing grief after the loss of a loved one. The nurse says, “I understand how you feel. I lost someone close to me too, and it was really tough.” This response by the nurse is an example of:
  • Empathy
  • Nontherapeutic communication
  • Nondirective role
  • Intimate zone

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